準直器(qi)是利(li)用(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)折射(she)原(yuan)理,將光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖中射(she)出的(de)發散光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang),通過透鏡轉變(bian)成平行(xing)(xing)(xing)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)。在光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)通信(xin)領域中,它能(neng)將光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖中輸出的(de)發散光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)變(bian)為平行(xing)(xing)(xing)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)傳輸,反(fan)之也可以(yi)把(ba)平行(xing)(xing)(xing)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)耦(ou)合至(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖中傳輸。
從光(guang)纖中(zhong)射出的光(guang)在(zai)空(kong)氣中(zhong)很快的發(fa)散,不能傳輸(shu)遠。而通過透鏡轉變成平行(xing)光(guang),提高了相對的傳輸(shu)距(ju)離。
發散光(guang)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為平行(xing)光(guang)都(dou)是通過(guo)透(tou)鏡完成的,透(tou)鏡有(you)很多種類,常(chang)見的球面透(tou)鏡(Cylindrical-Lens,C-Lens)和自聚焦透(tou)鏡(Grin Lens,G-Lens)。
利用尾纖與透(tou)鏡組合(he),制(zhi)成光纖準直(zhi)器,它是(shi)隔(ge)離器、波分復用器、光開關等光無(wu)源器件的基本元件。
光纖準直器的常規性能參數有:工(gong)作波長,工(gong)作距離,光束直徑,插入損耗和(he)最(zui)大可通過(guo)光功(gong)率(lv)等。